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Johnson & Johnson valuation exercise: market cap, EV and multiples vs competitors

Pharmaceuticals and medical devices. We rebuild its market value from the price, split it into its parts, and compare its multiples with those of its largest competitors.

Verified figures, not advice. Every number on this page comes from the company's own filings or from exchange prices, and the source is linked. Every calculation is shown, so you can repeat it. What we do not do is tell you what a share should be worth or whether to buy it: that depends on your goals and on forecasts, and no multiple can settle it. This is a snapshot: prices of 12 Oct 2026, company results up to mid 2026. Found a mistake? Tell us and we correct it.

Step 1. Market capitalisation

StepNumberWhere it comes from
Share price (nominal value)
$263.73
Close of 12 Oct 2026
Shares outstanding
2.41 bn
Latest report or filing, as of 2026-07-17
Market capitalisation
$635.6bn
Price x shares

Market capitalisation is the value the stock market puts on all the shares together. It is the nominal share price multiplied by the number of shares.

Step 2. How the value is composed

Building blockAmountMeaning
Market capitalisation
$635.6bn
What the market asks for all the shares
+ Debt
$49.0bn
Borrowings, leases for premises excluded
- Cash
$20.4bn
Cash and equivalents
- Short-term investments
$0.3bn
Marketable securities due within a year
+ Minority interests
$0.0bn
Part of subsidiaries owned by others
Enterprise value (EV)
$663.8bn
The price of the whole business, as a buyer would see it

Of the $635.6bn market value, accounting book equity is $85.0bn. The remaining $550.6bn is what investors pay above the books: brands, software, customer relationships and expected growth that the balance sheet does not record. Price to book is 7.5x.

Step 3. Fundamentals, last twelve months

Last twelve monthsAmountMargin or note
Revenue
$99.3bn
Up to 2026-09-27
Operating income
$17.9bn
18% of revenue
EBITDA
$25.6bn
26% of revenue
Net income (GAAP)
$16.1bn
16% of revenue
Free cash flow
$22.2bn
Operating cash flow minus capital spending

Step 4. Multiples against the largest competitors

MultipleJohnson & JohnsonMRKPFEABBVLLYPeer meanPeer medianvs median
P/E (price / net income)
39.5x
113.1x
37.3x
78.7x
41.7x
67.7x
60.2x
-34%
EV / sales
6.7x
6.1x
3.4x
8.7x
14.6x
8.2x
7.4x
-10%
EV / EBITDA
25.9x
31.0x
10.5x
22.7x
32.4x
24.1x
26.8x
-3%
EV / operating income
37.2x
63.6x
15.5x
33.3x
34.5x
36.7x
33.9x
+10%
P / free cash flow
28.6x
22.3x
14.7x
27.3x
61.2x
31.4x
24.8x
+15%

Context: Johnson & Johnson earns an EBITDA margin of 26%. The peers earn 20%, 32%, 38%, 45% (median 35%). A company that keeps more of each dollar of sales often trades at a higher multiple.

The peers are large drug makers. Johnson & Johnson also sells medical devices, so the match is partial.

What the comparison shows

  • EV / EBITDA: 25.9x against a peer median of 26.8x (mean 24.1x). Difference to the median: -3%.
  • EV / sales: 6.7x against a peer median of 7.4x (mean 8.2x). Difference: -10%.
  • P/E: 39.5x against a peer median of 60.2x. Difference: -34%.

These are descriptions of today's prices, not forecasts. "n.m." means not meaningful, for example negative profit.

Where the comparison is distorted

  • Net income runs to 27 September 2026 and includes $6.1bn of litigation costs, mostly for talc. The balance sheet and cash flow are as of 28 June 2026, because the quarterly report is not filed yet. The mix of dates makes the figures less tidy than other pages.
  • Merck net income is after $14.7bn of acquired research charges.
  • Pfizer net income is after $8.9bn of impairments.
  • AbbVie has negative book equity.
  • Eli Lilly shares include about 50 million held by an employee trust.

Sources

Prices of 12 Oct 2026 from exchange historical data. Share counts, debt, cash and results from each company's filings, read on 13 and 14 October 2026. Foreign companies are converted at one stated rate.

Johnson & Johnson (JNJ)
  • sec.gov (shares_outstanding, balance sheet, H1 flows)
  • sec.gov (FY2025 income statement, segment one-offs)
  • sec.gov (Q3 2026 / 9M 2026 income statement and special items)
  • data.sec.gov (XBRL cross-check)
Merck & Co., Inc. (MRK)
Pfizer Inc. (PFE)
  • sec.gov (shares_outstanding, balance sheet, H1 statements, other dedu)
  • sec.gov (FY2025 statements, impairments detail)
  • data.sec.gov (XBRL cross-check)
AbbVie Inc. (ABBV)
Eli Lilly and Company (LLY)

Questions people ask

Does a higher multiple than competitors mean the share is overvalued?

No. It means investors pay more per dollar of sales or profit. The reason can be faster growth, higher margins or lower risk, or it can be excess optimism. A multiple gap is a question to investigate, not an answer.

Why use enterprise value and not only market cap?

Market cap prices the shares only. Enterprise value adds debt and subtracts cash, so it compares the whole business regardless of how it is financed.

Why show both the mean and the median of competitors?

The mean is pulled up by one extreme value. The median is the middle value and resists outliers. When they differ a lot, trust the median more.

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